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Objective To study the effect of estrogen on proliferation of astrocytes in hippocampus of mice following middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO).Methods One hundred and eight Kunming mice were randomly divided into estrogen group(n=54)and saline group(n=54).The animals in two groups underwent right MCAO with tissue samples taken at 3,6,12,24,48and 72h after MCAO.The ischemic site was detected and the ischemic size was measured with TTC staining,the damage of neurons in hippocampus was assayed with HE staining,the expression of GFAP in hippocampal astrocytes was detected with immunohistochemical staining.Results The cerebral infarction size was significantly smaller in estrogen group than in saline group at different time points after MCAO(P＜0.05,P＜0.01)especially at 12hafter MCAO(31.50％±3.36％vs 54.50％±5.68％,P=0.019).The damage of hippocampal neurons aggregated with the prolonged ischemia time in two groups and was milder in estrogen group than in saline group at the same time points.The expression level of GFAP positive cells in bilateral hippocampal areas was higher when the ischemia time was prolonged and was significantly higher in ischemic hippocampus of estrogen group than in that of control group except at 6hin CA3ischemic area(P＜0.05).Conclusion Estrogen can protect mice against focal cerebral ischemia,stimulate the genesis of astrocyte synapses,alleviate neuronal damage after ischemia,and can thus reduce the size of cerebral infarction.
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Objective To investigate the effect of intensive insulin therapy on long-term remittance of the islet β-cell function in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients. Methods 120 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients were randomly divided into four groups, and intensive insulin therapy was given for 15 days, 30 days, 60 days and 90 days respectively. The islet β-cell function were measured before and 1 or 2 years after treatment, and the differences were compared among each group. Results The plasma glucose was controlled well and the islet β-cell function was significantly improved in each group after treatment. The ratio value of △I30/△G30 in groups of 30 days,60 days and 90 days were higher than group of 15 days[(1.48±0.43 )mmol/L vs (1.25±0.40) mmol/L, t＝2.40,P＜0.05, (1.83±0.37) mmol/L vs (1.25±0.40) mmol/L, t＝2.85,P＜0.01, (1.90±0.41) mmol/L vs (1.25±0.40) mmol/L, t＝2.97,P＜0.01]. The indexes of the islet β-cell secretion function all gradually declined in each group after treatment for 2 years, but still higher than before treatment, the ratio value of △I30/△G30 in groups of 60 days and 90 days were higher than group of 15 days and 30 days[(1.44±0.51)mmol/L vs (0.87±0.47) mmol/L,t＝2.92, P＜0.01, (1.44±0.51)mmol/L vs (1.09±0.55) mmol/L, t＝2.44,P＜0.05, (1.52±0.44) mmol/L vs (0.87±0.47) mmol/L, t＝2.86, P＜0.01, (1.52±0.44) mmol/L vs (1.09±0.55) mmol/L, t＝2.50, P＜0.05], there was no difference between group of 60 days and 90 days. The ratio of remittance in groups of 60 days and 90 days was very high. Conclusions Intensive insulin therapy can significantly improve the islet β-cell function of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients,anddelay the natural process. An appropriate extension of treatment can further prevent the descending rate of islet β-cell function, and easily get the long-term remission.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between C-reactive protein (CRP) and carotid intima-media thickness in pa-tients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Methods Senan CRP was measured with immunoturhidimetry and the carotid intima-media thickness (CAIMT) was measured using color Doppler in 108 patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 80 subjects with normal glucose tolerance(NGT).Then we observed all IGT patients for 3 years using prospective follow-up method, Oral Glucose tolerance test (OGGT) and every index were measured in follow-up 1.5 year and 3 year. Results 2 objects were lost to follow-up. IGT group showed a significant higher CAIMT and CRP compared with NGT group. After follow-up 1.5 year and 3 year, the patients with impaired glucose toler-ance (IGT) were divided into type 2 diabetes (T2DM) group and IGT group based on the level of blood glucose. Both T2DM group and IGT group showed a significant higher CAIMT and CRP, compared with NGT group. The level of serum CRP of T2DM group was higher than that of IGT group, and the level of serum CRP of IGT group was higher than that of NGT group. There were great differences between each group.Linear correlation showed that the level of blood glucose was positively correlated with CRP and CAIMT in T2DM group after follow-up 3 year. CAIMT was positively correlated with the level of blood glucose and CRP. Mulfivariant stepwise regression showed that CRP was signifi-canfly correlated with the level of blood glucose and CAIMT. Conclusion Inflammation played an important role in the development of dia-betes, and it had great vessels complication. The patients with impaired glucose tolerance, who have high level of CRP, were facilitated to be diabetes, and they were at risk of getting great vessels complication during the phase of impaired glucose tolerance. So it would be helpful to prevent IGT patients with high CRP or CAIMT with anti-inflammatory therapy.